The Red Badge of Courage Essay - 834 Words

The Red Badge of Courage is not a war novel. It is a novel about life. This novel illustrates the trials and tribulations of everyday life. Stephen Crane uses the war as a comparison to everyday life. He is semi-saying that life is like a war. It is a struggle of warriors#8212;the every day people#8212;against the odds. In these battles of everyday life, people can change. In The Red Badge of Courage, the main character, Henry Fleming, undergoes a character change that shows how people must overcome their fears and the invisible barriers that hold them back from being the best people#8212;warriors, in the sense that life is war#8212;they can be. Henry has a character change that represents how all humans have general sense of†¦show more content†¦He proclaimed to himself that if a squirrel took flight when a rock was thrown at it, it was alright that he ran when his life was on the line. This was a selfish reason for fleeing, in the broad sense. Henry#8217;s fear o f death was a natural human fear that would not work in a war. This is where Henry#8217;s character change took place. In everyday life, humans often go about their natural business not thinking at about what they are doing. Henry, in a sense, represented this in his war efforts. Henry was so busy thinking about death and running and all these selfish ideas about the war that he could not operate as a good soldier. A good soldier is one that goes about fighting, killing, defending and even dying for the cause. These may not be great things, but they are what soldiers do. Henry was the epitome of not doing these soldier#8217;s tasks. In order for Henry to do his job the best, he had to become unthinking. This was a selfless act rather than a selfish act that would benefit the army, rather than hinder it. Once Henry got past his invisible barrier, his fear, he was able to become an unthinking war machine. This is similar to everyday life. For humans to do the best job poss ible, whatever it may be, they must not think. If they think too much about the task at hand, they will become preoccupied with it and fail. This was Henry#8217;s problem; he overcame his fear of death and became the warShow MoreRelatedRed Badge of Courage Essay1030 Words   |  5 PagesLizzy Wood The Red Badge of Courage Essay 11.20.11/6th Hour At times he regarded the wounded soldiers in an envious way. He conceived persons with torn bodies to be peculiarly happy. He wished that he, too, had a wound, a red badge of courage. (Ch.9, Pg. 61) Jim Conklin, Wilson, and the tattered man are not only alike in some ways, but also have differences. The purpose of this essay is to tell you the similarities between the tall soldier, the loud soldier, andRead MoreEssay on The Red Badge of Courage1496 Words   |  6 PagesThe Red Badge of Courage The Red Badge of Courage, by Steven Crane, has been considered one of the greatest war novels of all time. It is a story that realistically depicts the American Civil War through the eyes of Henry Fleming, an ordinary farm boy who decides to become a soldier. Henry is very determined to become a hero, and the story tells Henrys voyage from being a young coward to becoming a brave man. This voyage is the classic trip from innocence to experience. To begin, the storyRead MoreEssay Red Badge of Courage756 Words   |  4 PagesThe Red Badge of Courage Kelsey Christian The book The Red Badge of Courage was a very moving and interesting book that has many examples of the literary devices; irony, motif, and metaphor. These three things are very important in many forms of writing. Irony is an outcome of events different to what was or might have been expected. Motif is a recurring theme, symbol, or idea in artistic or literary work. An extended metaphor is the comparison of one thing to another that recurs throughout theRead More The Red Badge Of Courage -- Essay847 Words   |  4 Pages The Red Badge of Courage Time Period The Civil War officially started in 1861, yet problems between the North and the South date back as far as the early 1830s. The North was infuriated over slavery after a woman by the name of Harriet Beecher Stowe published her book Uncle Toms Cabin. Stowes book analyzed the life of a slave in an astonishing and realistic way. It caused many people to join the Union. Then the war began in July of 1861 when a Confederate army met with a Federal army at ManassenRead MoreRed Badge of Courage Essay1271 Words   |  6 PagesTo Be or Not to Be†¦ A Man The Red Badge of Courage written by Stephen Crane is a prime example of bildungsroman, or a coming of age story. Crane begins with a cowardly boy, Henry Fleming, and ends with an experienced war hero who has learned not just what war really is, but who he really is. Mark Twain once said, â€Å"The fear of death follows from the fear of life. A man who lives fully is prepared to die at any time.† [Epigraph] Although he struggles to learn that being a soldier means more thanRead MoreSymbolism in Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage Essay1255 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel The Red Badge of Courage, by Stephan Crane, the author uses symbolism to illustrate the main character’s actions and the setting’s scenery. Henry Fleming, the protagonist of the novel, cannot decide whether he can be a hero or if he will fall as a coward. The symbolism used in The Red Badge of Courage represents Henry’s decision to fight proudly and how common items mean more t han what meets the eye. Stephan Crane was born in 1871 in New Jersey. At the age of twenty-two, he publishedRead MoreEssay about Red Badge Of Courage1226 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Red Badge of Courage by Stephan Crane traces the effects of war on a Union Soldier, Henry Fleming, from his dreams of soldiering, to his actual enlistment, and through several battles of the Civil War. Henry Fleming was not happy with his boring life on the farm. He wanted to become a hero in war and be praised and honored for his glorious achievements in battle. He knew his mother would not like to see him go to war, but it was his decision to make. He dreamedRead More Red Badge of Courage Essay: Isolation751 Words   |  4 PagesIsolation in The Red Badge of Courage      Ã‚   Stephen Cranes literary technique has long been a matter of analysis and speculation. In The Red Badge of Courage Crane takes us into the life of a young man named Henry Fleming, who wants to enlist in the Army and fight in the war against the South. By using irony, similes, and symbols, Crane paints a vivid picture of what life was like for the fragile Henry Fleming. He opens our eyes to the vast reasons of separation for Fleming, and why he livedRead MoreEssay about The Red Badge of Courage1335 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the novels The Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane and Catch 22 by Joseph Heller, the perception of anti-war, which the scars of humans’ mind can be seen. Though war ends, but war in the heart of the people is hard to erase. The authors convey this through symbolism of the name of the novel in which the characterization of the main character take place, the first person point of view of the novels, the satire tone, and the deception of war. The Red Badge of Courage symbolizes the woundRead MoreRed Badge Of Courage Essay Isolation1237 Words   |  5 PagesStephen Crane demonstrates isolation in many ways thorough out The Red Badge of Courage novel. By definition, isolation is the process or fact of isolating or being isolated. The process of isolation is found in various types of people, yet it always goes unnoticed, for you could be the most popular person in the world, and yet still feel so small. Henry the young soldier in The Red Badge of Courage novel, goes through a lot when war breaks out in his country. He feels isolated from everyone else

The Avant Garde Paris Essay examples - 1824 Words

Paris today is known as a center of arts and rich culture both acclaimed and original. Famous moments pop up through the history of France’s art, such as the impressionistic artworks by Monet, the École des Beaux-Arts teachings of classicism, and the iconic Eiffel Tower by Stephen Sauvestre. Paris augments itself with numerous museums to catalog countless masterpieces and sculptures throughout France’s enduring, yet sometimes gritty, history. As a whole, Paris comprises of a mixture between historic architectural themes like rusticated brick clad, mansard roofs, striated columns, and a modern day architectural themes like engineered metalwork, and external program support machinery. The notion of classic French architecture, juxtaposed†¦show more content†¦The Louvre was not founded as a museum, and the road to attaining today’s program expanded across six centuries of monarchies, wars, treaties, and revolution. Dating far back to the 12th centu ry as a fortress for King Phillip II, the Louvre laid foundations with protective walls, and underground crypts to function not as a gallery for the public, but rather a stronghold for the private. As the decades turned, the old Louvre acclimated to the needs of the monarchies, undergoing usage as both a stronghold and a retreat, but entirely defense-based nonetheless (Deitz). Two centuries passed when Charles V altered the program from a bulwark of protection, changing it into a residency. Here the program shifted towards a notion of more public structure. Several French kings after, Francis I decorated the bulky fortress with a French renaissance style, further changing the Louvre’s appearance and adapting the architecture to the art style of the time. This move would be seen again in I. M. Pei’s controversial addition. Under King Henry IV, the Louvre underwent reconstruction (Kostof). During the rise of Versailles, artisans resided within the Louvre’s halls, giving way to the notion of an art influenced program for the buildingShow MoreRelatedA Critique Of The Works Of Paul Gauguin And His Time952 Words   |  4 PagesGogh, and other post-impressionists associated with the avant-garde gambit. With the blood of the women of Tahiti and those outside their bubble on their hands, the artists of the time attempt to establish their mark in a community by basing their works on others and altering a component of so in what Pollock refers to as an avant-garde gambit, a process still relevant in today’s culture. Pollock claims that the key characteristic of avant-gardism, rather than the supposed innovation, is its â€Å"playRead MoreClassical Tradition And The Classical Era1139 Words   |  5 Pagestradition’s work have no direct meaning. The classical tradition’s work was tied in with the explosion of visual The classical tradition created a corollary to contemporary visual culture, which was branded by and transmitted through the use of avant-garde. It is evident from his creative output that for the classical tradition, death and disaster were leitmotifs and underlying themes. The classical tradition’s work does not lend itself to any sense of interpretation, only the themes of fame andRead More Vladimir Tatlin and Naum Gabo Modern Art Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will explore Vladimir Tatlin and Naum Gabo differences on the role of the Avant-Garde artists and how their beliefs influence the kind of work they produced. A pioneer of Russian design Vladimir Tatlin is a representative of Russian Realism. He left home when he was fifteen and served on the shipboard. When he became a painter, he often represented sailors in his pictures Art and culture in Russia after Revolution was a tool for creating industrially aesthetical reality. Tatlin’s projectRead More Impressionism as a Avant-garde Movement970 Words   |  4 Pages1. INTRODUCTION This essay analyses the aesthetic and ideological underpinnings of the Modernist artwork, Impression, Sunrise of Claude Monet. The artwork and Impressionism is considered to be a visual articulation of the avant-garde and the latter statement is explained. References to the writings of Charles Harrison, Clement Greenberg and Wilhelm Worringer is used to theorise the aesthetics of modernity. â€Æ' 2. IMPRESSIONISM AS MODERN ART Modernism is the heartbeat of culture, or as ClementRead MoreAvant-Garde fashion history2468 Words   |  10 PagesHistory of avant-garde 2-3 Avant-garde in fashion history 3 Contemporary fashion and avant-garde 3 Discussion of Suzaan Heyns’ autumn/ winter collection 4 Discussion of Stiaan Louws’s 2011 autumn/winter collection 4-5 Discussion of Black Coffee’s 2013 winter collection 5-6 Discussion of Laduma Ngxokolo’s 2012 autumn/winter collection 6-7 Discussion of Thabo Makhetha’s 2012 collection 7 Conclusion 7-8 List of Illustrations 9-13 List of References 14-15 What is avant-garde and how doesRead MoreThe Fashion Designer Who Showed Avant Garde Fashion1186 Words   |  5 Pagesdeconstructionism to create avant-garde fashion. And that is certainly evident in each of their Paris collections, especially their debut shows. Through this fashion style, â€Å"Issey Miyake, Rei Kawakubo of Comme des Garcons and Yohji Yamamoto are considered the most successful and internationally known Japanese designers in the West, and they solidified their position in the French fashion establishment† (Kawamura 92). Issey Miyake is actual the first Japanese fashion designer who showed avant-garde fashion inRead MoreArt Movement After World War I1174 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the Visual Art Encyclopedia, Surrealism sprang up in Paris and became rooted in the avant-garde art world. Surrealism was the fashionable art movement after World War I. Surrealism is and the last major art movement to be associated with the Ecole de Paris. The writer Andre Breton (1896-1966), nicknamed the Pope of Surrealism, was the movement s founder and chief theorist. He introduced and defined the new style in his initial 1924 manifesto (Manifeste du Surrealisme) and later inRead MoreEffects Of Modernism857 Words   |  4 Pagesmovement revolved around a group of innovative artists and art critics who challenged preconceived ideas about what â€Å"good† art was, and redefined expectations. Modernism affected the ideas and practices of artists, increasing the attitude of the Avant-Garde – to b e original. Abstraction was explored visually and artists moved away from pictorial realism, bringing into focus new techniques and acceptances. Abstract Expressionist was the final sub-era of Modernism. Artists started to view painting asRead MoreEssay on The Atmosphere Entertainment Program at the Paris Las Vegas1263 Words   |  6 PagesThe atmosphere entertainment program at the Paris Las Vegas should, at its base, reflect the duality of the property: the artistry and classicism of the French methods of entertaining and living with the sensual allure and thrilling vibe of the Las Vegas Strip. Orion Productions proposes three variable programs, all which can be interchanged and combined to accommodate for high and lower traffic days and special casino and hotel promotions. Both male and female dancers will be enlisted for the programRead MoreThe Album Of La Revue Blanche1585 Words   |  7 Pagesprinted graphic arts, most notably the â€Å"original print† in the form of the fine art lithograph. This was due both to the changing demand for prints, and in the newly available technology of production. In fact, between the years between 1880 and 1905, Paris was seized by a passion for prints, and almost every modern French artist experimented with some for of printmaking. As the new invention of photography was rapidly replacing the etching and lithograph as the sole means for reproductions, artistic

Being Professional Nurse Professional Conduct Applicable

Question: Describe about the Being Professional Nurse for Professional Conduct Applicable. Answer: 1: The Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia have put forward certain guidelines in the form of Code of Professional Conduct for Nurses. In the guidelines, the decorum of practicing nursing in a secured and competent way abiding by the professional and extended health system standards as well as the laws pertinent to the occupation and nursing care have been proposed (www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2016). In the given case study of Conyard, 2015, the nurse was alleged of being guilty of unsatisfactory professional conduct applicable under the Section 139B of the national law (NSW). As per the stated law unsatisfactory professional conduct may be referred to as the demeanor on the part of a registered health personnel possessing adequate experience and training that is not in conformity or is substantially below the expected, reasonable standard (Staunton Chiarella, 2012, Pairman et al., 2015). The course of action that followed in this particular case stem out of the fact that the nurse was unable to ascertain and react appropriately to the patient As declining health status and consecutively failed to document her observations and improvise a proper working modality accordingly. The circumstantial evidences that lead to the prosecution as reported is as follow. Proceedings on 11th January, 2013 for patient A Time Observations Activities 1700 hours Significant health deterioration 1720 hours Clinical Recordings: Blood Pressure- 89/53 Respiratory rate- 40-44 bpm Abdominal pain Diarrhoea 1810 hours Nurse informed Post 1810 hours Nurse made personal observations Observations undocumented Doctor uninformed 2200 hours Locum doctor arrived Overnight Patient critically ill Morning of 12th January Patient died The loophole in the nurses conduct identified under the given context was that she failed to inform a doctor on time although that was essential. Moreover she did not keep record of the personal observations. All these breaches favored the assessment of the case under the conduct pathway for the Nursing and Midwifery Council of NSW. 2: Individual professional accountability in the context of the nurses is in accordance with the Registered nurse standards for practice. The standardized nursing practices encompass a wide range of activities such as critical thinking and analysis, engagement in an integrated palliative care, assessment, improvisation, maintenance of a proper nursing regime and ensuring suitable nursing practice. Accountability implies that the nurses address and cater to the needs and requirements of the patients receiving care under their supervision as well as inform and report to the competent authorities such as their employers, the nursing regulatory body and also the public at large. The nurses themselves are held responsible for performing their duties, roles and responsibilities, making the decisions in addition to documenting the experience and observations (Krautscheid, 2014). Accountability as per general perception cannot be delegated and in case that is done, then also the nurses conti nue to be accountable for the decision to delegate, supervising the task of the relevant person and estimating the results including risks and benefits of the delegated activity (www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2016). An essential component of the accountability for the registered nurses is the ability to undertake a coordinated care approach of treatment involving the delegates such as an enrolled nurse, a student nurse or an individual outside the nursing profession (Savage, 2015). In view of the Conyard, 2015 case certain mitigating factors reduced the personal accountability of the nurse. As per the available information, lack of documentation and failure of timely referral and communication with the immediate higher authority or the concerned physician may be regarded as the possible causes. 3: In the discipline specific case study, the following standards are identified to be relevant with the codes and standards as put forward by The Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia for the registered nurses. As per their guidelines: Standard 2 implies engagement in therapeutic and professional relationships. This overall includes the definite engagement in holistic clinical and professional relationship through collegial generosity, mutual trust and respect within a congenial, healthy working atmosphere. Utilization of consultation, delegation, supervision, coordination and referral as a part of the collaborative work plan are carried out in this respect to optimize the patient well-being (Chang Daly, 2016). Standard 4 consist of comprehensively conducting assessments. It refers to the usage of appropriate assessment techniques in conjunction with an inter-professional partnership to procure and acquire accurate, relevant knowledge in addition to evaluate the resources to inform future planning and nursing practice. Standard 5 includes developing a plan for nursing practice. This standard takes into consideration the assessed data for drawing effective plan in partnership through proper communication. Additionally, documentation, evaluation and plan modifications are executed as part of the commitment to the agreed outcomes. Planning and negotiation to achieve the desired benefit within stipulated time duration are other important aspects of this standard. Standard 6 highlights the necessity of providing safe, appropriate and responsive quality nursing practice. It deals with the provision of safe, quality care nursing practices complying the relevant regulations and legislations. Identification, assessment and scrutiny of both assumed and real risks and report of the practice below the standards are done in this case (www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2016). Rationale for selection of the discussed standards to the context of the Conyard, 2015 case study: Breach of Standard 2- On 11th January the nurse failed to recognize and act accordingly to the debilitating health condition of the patient. No consultation, delegation or referral was made. Breach of Standard 4- No assessment regarding patient As health from the available data and observations were done, starting from the day of hospitalization till the taking over by the nurse. Thus scope for future planning strategy was reduced. Breach of Standard 5- There was dearth of documentation from the nurse to assess the health status of the patient thereby eliminating the chances for suitable clinical interventions in the near future. Breach of Standard 6- Lack of suitable intervention even after observing the deterioration in the patient As vital signs was a major mistake on the nurses part. She failed to assess her risks and arrange for appropriate treatments or medications. Thus the standards code of conduct as laid down by the concerned authority was breached. 4: Unlike every other profession that demands certain amount of knowledge, expertise, personal attributes and prior experience to satisfy the needs of the client, the professionals engaged in the noble profession of healthcare like nursing require to have much more than these basic qualities. It is expected that the nurses must be thorough about their understanding of the nursing practice by virtue of their knowledge foundation related to clinical reasoning cycle and clinical actions and duties. Clinical reasoning, as described by Levett-Jones et al., (2013) is a complicated cognitive process that require the personnel to utilize several thinking strategies to ably collect and analyze information of the patients (Lapkin, Levett-Jones, Gilligan, 2013). The professional should think beyond the convention and apply their intuition and insights to influence the decision making pertaining to the individual patients situation. A persons attitudes and perspectives, assumptions and preconce ptions majorly impact the critical thinking modality (Blondy et al., 2015). The clinical reasoning skill adds to the efficiency and professionalism of the nurse and the cycle involves certain major steps. Among them considering the patients situation, collecting cues or information, processing those information, identification of the issues, establishment of suitable goals, taking proper actions, evaluation of outcomes and finally reflection regarding novel processes and new learning are the essential steps (Dempsey et al., 2009). The careful following of all these steps enable a nurse to perform her duty competently. In the context of the Conyard, 2015 case study a distinction would have been possible if certain aspects of the professional behaviors could be altered after insightful consideration of the patient situation. As stated in the complaint the nurse in charge of the patient A on 11th January 2013, could not assess and thereby act accordingly to the deteriorating clinical condition between 17:10 and 21:00 hours. Simultaneously, a failure to organize a medical review of the Patient As declining vital signs despite falling under the red zone category was considered as a major breach of conduct and thus was liable to prosecution. Moreover, the nurse did not document her observations and successive failure to assess the patients critical condition thereafter followed this missed conduct. Subsequent failure to implement a suitable plan of action for the patient A was also not executed and all these consecutive incidences and conducts of the nurse contributed to further worsening of the patient circumstances. A proper professional approach could have made a difference in this case study if the nurse strictly complied by the standards and established regulations. The nurse could have carried out the clinical reasoning process to critically analyze the patients condition. A little prudence and foresight on her part could have provided some respite to the patient and spare her the trauma of the legal prosecutions as well. Timely intervention and communication with the persons in higher position, an important responsibility of the nurse could be beneficial in the said circumstances. A nurse of her order and experience who was into the job for a period of over 14 years till 2013 should have been more careful and conscious in executing her duty. 5: Preparedness for professional practice is a real time necessity particularly for healthcare providers. Considering the Conyard, 2015 case study the role of the nursing accountability may be discussed in this context. As per my understanding, I learnt that to be accountable, the nurses must be able to perform the desired task or therapeutic intervention, accept the responsibility of doing the duty and lastly must possess the requisite expertise and qualification to perform the activity and delegate in compliance with the protocols and policies of the working organization. Referring to the case studied, I found that the lack of documentation from the nurse was a hindrance to the personal accountability. Therefore in my opinion this specific task of documenting each and every encounters and clinical observations by the nurses are of immense importance in the nursing practice for safeguarding the health of the patients undergoing treatment module in a hospital framework. I believe thi s practice of documentation might also be of immense help for future references as well as for keeping personal records. However trivial or unnecessary the observation might seem to the nurse, yet it must be well reported in paper to avoid any near misses and appreciate new findings. The healthcare personnel are subjected to the criminal and civil courts in case their duties do not conform to the legal requirements, hence they must be extremely cautious and aware about their norms of practice and patient care. As a new graduate nurse, in fine I would like to comment that taking legal liability of a patient following strong professional ethics and morale are imperative to the professional accountability of the nurses and under no circumstances should be undone. References: Blondy, L. C., Blakeslee, A. M., Scheffer, B. K., Rubenfeld, M. G., Cronin, B. M., Luster-Turner, R. (2015). Understanding Synthesis Across Disciplines to Improve Nursing Education.Western journal of nursing research. Chang, E., Daly, J. (Eds.). (2016). Transitions in nursing: Preparing for professional practice (4th ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Elsevier. Dempsey, J., Hillege, S., French, J., Wilson, V. (2009). Fundamentals of nursing and midwifery: a person-centred approach to care| NOVA. The University of Newcastle's Digital Repository. Krautscheid, L. C. (2014). Defining professional nursing accountability: A literature review.Journal of Professional Nursing,30(1), 43-47. Lapkin, S., Levett-Jones, T., Gilligan, C. (2013). A systematic review of the effectiveness of interprofessional education in health professional programs.Nurse education today,33(2), 90-102. Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (2010) A nurses guide to professional boundaries. Retrieved 15 September 2016, www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards.aspx Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2015) Supervision guidelines for nursing and midwifery. Retrieved 15 September 2016, www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Registration-and-Endorsement/reentry-to-practice.aspx Pairman, S., Pincombe, J., Thorogood, C., Tracy, S. K. (2015). Midwifery: Preparation for practice (3rd ed.). Chatswood, Australia: Churchill Livingstone. Savage, P. (2015). Legal issues for nursing students: Applied principles (3rd ed.). Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson Australia. Staunton, P. J., Chiarella, M. (2012).Law for nurses and midwives. Elsevier Australia.

The Half Brothers by Elizabeth Gaskell Essay Example For Students

The Half Brothers by Elizabeth Gaskell Essay To make the content effective and to sustain the attention of the reader, authors of short stories have to pay attention to structure, atmosphere, social background and language, comment in detail on the way your attention is sustained by the Half Brothers by Elizabeth Gaskell.  During the industrial revolution, short stories became very popular and The Half Brothers is an example of a short story. However, it does not always conform to the usual characteristics of a short story. The Half Brothers is the story of two half brothers that are alienated from each other after their mother dies. Many years later, the younger brothers life is saved by his older half brother (Gregory), who dies trying to save his younger brothers life. We will write a custom essay on The Half Brothers by Elizabeth Gaskell specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Elizabeth Gaskell uses structure a lot to maintain the readers attention. The Half Brothers has a very long and detailed background that helps the reader to understand and begin to care about the characters and their lives so far, thus sustaining their attention. This is unusual for a short story as it is traditional for short stories to have no background or scene settings. A further outcome of this detailed background is that Gaskells characters are developed. This is important in prolonging the readers attention as otherwise the reader would not be interested in the main climax of the story which is when the Gregory dies. The Half Brothers has one main climax, when Gregory dies but Gaskell adds four other, smaller climaxes to the story. These are; when Gregorys dad dies, when Gregorys sister dies, when Gregorys mum dies and when William Preston dies at the end. These climaxes are important in maintaining the readers attention as the climaxes help to create a sense of impending doom. As the story is set over such a long time span (twenty years), the climaxes are positioned at frequent intervals so that the readers attention is maintained throughout the entire story. The title of this story, The Half brothers, does not become relevant until the second paragraph where it says:   and seemed to gaze on us two little half-brothers   Up until that point, the reader is unsure of the relevance between the title and the story. Gaskell uses this phrase to remind us what the story is actually about and this reinforces the readers attention, as it is a sign that the main event of the story is approaching. Gaskell uses atmosphere to sustain the readers attention by making the narrator describe what is taking place and his emotions in detail. This helps to create atmosphere by allowing the reader to imagine that they too are part of the scene. An example of this is the scene on the fells, just before Gregory arrives when the narrator describes his feelings:   In a pang of agony, caused by such remembrance of  my short life I gathered up my strength and called  out once more, a long, despairing, wailing cry, to  which I had no hope of obtaining any answer, save  from the echoes around, dulled as the sound might be  by the thickened air.  This sentence creates atmosphere using inventive descriptions, Gaskell creates a intense sensation of hopelessness, which preserves the readers attention. The way in which the fells are described creates a frightening, dangerous atmosphere, the personification of the surroundings increases this atmosphere.

Sing Joy to the World in Spanish

Sing Joy to the World in Spanish For a joyful lift to your holidays, heres a Spanish-language version of Joy to the World, the classic Christmas carol. The hymn was originally written in English by Isaac Watts. A literal translation and translation notes are provided for Spanish students. Regocijad! Jess naci  ¡Regocijad! Jesà ºs nacià ³, del mundo Salvador;y cada corazà ³n tornad a recibir al Rey,a recibir al Rey. Venid a recibir al Rey.  ¡Regocijad! Él reinar; cantemos en unià ³n;y en la tierra y en el mar loor resonar,loor resonar, y gran loor resonar. Ya la maldad vencida es; la tierra paz tendr.La bendicià ³n del Salvador quità ³ la maldicià ³n,quità ³ la maldicià ³n; Jesà ºs quità ³ la maldicià ³n.  ¡Glorias a Dios cantemos hoy! Seà ±or de Israel,la libertad tà º le dars y tà º sers su Dios,y tà º sers su Dios, Seà ±or, y tà º sers su Dios. Translation of Spanish Lyrics Rejoice! Jesus was born, Savior of the world;and each heart turn to receive the King,to receive the King. Come to receive the King. Rejoice! He will reign; let us sing in unison;and in the the land and in the sea praise will echo,praise will echo, and great praise will echo. The evil now is conquered; the earth will have peace.The Saviors blessing removed the curse,removed the curse. Jesus removed the curse. Today we sing glories to God! Lord of Israel,You will give her liberty and You will be her God,and You will be her God, Lord, and You will be her God. Grammar and Vocabulary Notes Regocijad: This is the familiar second-person plural imperative form (the vosotros form) of regocijar, which means to rejoice. It isnt a particularly common verb. In everyday conversation, youre unlikely to hear familiar plural imperative forms of verbs much outside of Spain, as in Latin American the formal you (ustedes) is used even in informal contexts. Nacià ³: This is the third-person plural preterite of nacer, which has no one-word equivalent in English, meaning to be born. Nacer is conjugated the same way as conocer. Del mundo Salvador: In everyday speech or writing, youd be much more likely to say Salvador del mundo for Savior of the world. In music, however, theres considerably more latitude with word order to get the desired rhythm. Tornad: Like regocijad, this is a plural-you command. Tornar typically means to convert or to turn into, and it is used most frequently in a religious context. As you may have noticed, the vosotros imperative form of the verb is made simply by changing the final r of the infinitive to a d. And this is always true - there are no irregular verbs for this form. Al: Al is one of only two contractions in Spanish, shortening a and el. The a here is the personal a, used because the direct object is el Rey, a person. (The other contraction is del, for de and el.) Venid: From the verb venir. Cantemos: From the verb cantar (to sing). This is the first-personal plural imperative form. En unià ³n: Although this phrase could be translated as in union, in unison is used because of the context of choral singing. Loor: This word is rare enough you wont find it in smaller dictionaries. It means praise. Resonar: Resonar means to resound or, more poetically, to echo or to ring. Gran: Gran is an example of apocopation, the shortening or clipping of certain adjectives when they immediately precede a noun. Although some adjectives are shortened only before masculine nouns, the singular grande is shortened whether masculine or feminine. Its meaning also changes from large to great. La maldad vencida es: This is another case of poetic word order. In everyday speech, youd more likely say, La maldad es vencida, evil is overcome. This sentence is in the passive voice, not directly stating what overcomes evil. Bendicià ³n: Blessing (ben- good, -dicià ³n saying, from the verb decir). Quità ³: Past tense of quitar, to remove. Maldicià ³n: Curse (mal- bad) Seà ±or: Although this word is often used as a courtesy title meaning the equivalent of Mr., it can also mean Lord. La libertad tà º le dars: This and the remainder of the song is an example of personification. The pronoun le usually isnt used to refer to things, only to people. But here it refers to Israel, which has been personified. Le is an indirect pronoun; the direct pronoun here is libertad, that which is being given.

African Poetry

It is a historical irony that the same language serves the African writer in voicing his thoughts and feelings to the world at large. While discussing the future of English, Simeon Porter observes, It will adopt to meet new needs and in that incessant reshaping and adaptation, every speaker and writer consciously or unconsciously will play some part. (181) Today, the prediction of Porter came true of African writing in English. It brought strength and appeal to the English language by adding a large range of new vocabulary and usage. Writing on the problems faced by the African English writers,  Chinua Achebe  the famous Nigerian writer says, The African writer should aim to use English that brings out his message without altering the language to the extent that its value as a medium of international exchange will be lost. He should aim at fashioning out an English, which is at once unusual and able to carry his peculiar experience. (61) It is applaudable that the writers of Africa succeeded in accomplishing the above task set by Achebe, which is by any means not an easy one. Their successful integration of native experience and expression in an alien tongue received worldwide acclaim. Their success proved, as critics like Srinivasa Iyengar pointed out, A shot in the arm of modern English Literature has had to come from West Africans like Amos Tutuola,  Wole Soyinka  and Gabriel Okara. (16) The role of poetry, in African literature, has been highly effective in providing the people with the needful inspiration and the necessary insight. The language of poetry, for the African people, is a source of learning and becoming aware of their destiny that necessitates the knowledge of their past, present and the possible future. These and several other ideas fuelled African poetry in English. For the African poets, poetry became a powerful medium through which they conveyed to the world audience, not only their despairs and hopes, the enthusiasm and empathy, the thrill of joy and the stab of pain but lso a nations history as it moved from freedom to slavery, from slavery to revolution, from revolution to independence and from independence to tasks of reconstruction which further involve situations of failure and disillusion. (Iyengar, 15) When we read African Literature, we should, by obligation remember that, colonization was at its harshest in Africa. As history stands proof, it was highly exploited and savaged by the ambitious white man. This experience is on the minds of all thinking poets. Despite getting uhuru or in dependence, the bitterness returns again and again. The unforgettable colonial past comes angrily alive in a poem by Kenyas poet Joseph Kareyaku thus, It is not as you suppose, your lands, your cars, your money, or your cities I covet It is what gores me most, that in my own house and in my very own home you should eye me and all thats mine with that practiced, long-drawn, insulting sneer. (quoted in Iyengar, 30) In a poem entitled If you want to know me Noemia De Sousa writes ruefully of Africa, by effectively using the literary device of personification thus: This is what I am mpty sockets despairing of possessing of life a mouth torn open in an anguished wound a body tattooed with wounds seen and unseen from the harsh whipstrokes of slavery tortured and magnificent proud and mysterious Africa from head to foot This is what I am. (Narasimhaiah, 137) The much-brutalized Dark Continent is tellingly depicted in the following lines of a poem named The Shapes of Fear by Richard Ntiru. Like an arrested breath when breathing makes silence imperfect and the ear cannot differentiate between the conspiratorial whispers and the winds singing. .. a twig in the courtyard snaps and report of a gun is understood. (Narasimhaiah, 137) Nigerian poet , the Nobel laureate Wole Soyinkas masterful irony skillfully conceals anger at the racist attitude in his famous poem, Telephone Converstion. After negotiating for a house on rent on telephone, he tells the landlady of his being a black African. He was rudely shocked when he was caught foully by the ladys query regarding his darkness thus: HOW DARK? I had not misheard Are you light OR VERY DARK (Narasimhaiah, 149) The ill- mannered silence between the two is filled with images such as stench of rancid breath of public- hide-and-speak, Red booth, Red- Pillar-box, Red double-tiered Omnibus squelching tar that subsume the age-old and still hopeless and violent colour- conflict. The theme of English superiority glares through David Rubadiris poem A Negro Labourer in Liverpool: Here his hope is the shovel And his fulfillment resignation. (Narasimhaiah, 134) One of the most important phases in African poetry is  Negritude, a powerful literary movement founded by Aime Cesaire of Senegal. Among other things, the Negritude poets favoured the theme of glorification of Africa. They worshipped anything African in scintillating rhymes. Anger at injustice meted out to the colonized Africa is also one of the oft-repeated themes of their poetry. Heres an example from David Diops poem Africa. Africa, my Africa Africa of proud warriors in ancestral savannahs. Is this you, this back that is bent This back that breaks under the weight of humiliation This back trembling with red scars And saying yes to the whip under the midday sun.. That is Africa your Africa That grows again patiently obstinately And its fruit gradually acquires The bitter taste of liberty. (Narasimhaiah, 153) Dennis Brutus, a South African poet, was subjected to torture by a cruel regime. His writing is full of images of love contrasted with images of death thus, Desolate Your face gleams up Beneath me in the dusk Abandoned A wounded dove Helpless Beneath the knife of love. (Quoted in Theroux, 2) Great feeling for Africa is felt in Abioseh Nicols poem The Meaning of Africa thus: Africa, you were once just a name to me So I came back ailing down the Guinea coast . You are not a country Africa, You are a concept I know now that is what you are Africa Happiness, contentment and fulfillment. (Quoted in Povey, 39) A poets affirmation of his love for Africa shines radiantly through the following verses. Dark Africa! My dawn is here; Behold! I see A rich warm glow in the East, And my day will soon be here. (Iyengar, 30) Deification of Africa is a fit topic for many African p oets. Perhaps this is their reaction to the self glorification and the civilizing zeal of the imperial powers of Europe. Bernard Dadies poem attains special significance viewed in that light. He says in a poem entitled I Thank God, I thank you God for creating me black. White is the colour for special occasions Black the colour for every day And I have carried the World since the dawn of time And my laugh over the World, through the night creates The Day. (Narasimhaiah, 122) In Africa, the advent of the white mans civilizing mission displaced scores of native societies from their own cultural roots. The impact of the spread of Christianity combined with material benefits such as classroom education and well-paid jobs forced many Africans abandon their own faith and adapt the religion of the pale-faced aliens. This situation is responsible for the natives to suffer from culture shock. Nevertheless, the native is expected to owe allegiance to his own tribal culture and embrace Christianity for material benefits. This cultural confusion is well articulated by Mabel Segun in a poem thus: Here we stand Infants overblown Poised between two civilizations Finding the balance irksome. (Quoted in Povey, 39) Gabriel Okara expresses the same sentiments in a lyric thus: When at break of day at a riverside I hear jungle drums Then I hear a wailing piano Solo speaking of complex ways. (Quoted in Gleason, 143) However, there are poets like Kofi Awoonor Williams of Ghana whose passion for past is expressed in his rediscovery themes with the help of extended rhythms as in the following lines. Sew the old days for us our fathers that we wear them under our old garments after we have washed ourselves.. ( The Anvil and the Hammer) gain, Sew the old days for me my father Sew them so that I may wear them For the feast that is coming. (Quoted in Theroux, 4) He accomplishes the same excellence of evolving extended rhythms in poems like The Long Journey and My Song. Poetic excellence and rare innovative creative ability are seen in  Christopher Okigbo  poems such as The Stars Have Departed. He says, The stars have departed The sky in a monocle Surveys the world under The stars have departed And I- Where am I? ? Stretch, stretch O antennae, To clutch at this hour, Fulfilling each movement in a Broken monody. (quoted in Walsh, 48) Images that can evoke a situation beyond hope which are reminiscent of Eliots war poetry are visible in the following verses from K. Brews poem The Search. The past is but the cinders Of the present The future The smoke That escaped Into the cloud- bound sky. (quoted in Walsh, 50) Some of the poets have realized the futility of fighting over issues such as race, respect and national identity. What more can be more illuminating than the enlightened poets words such as, You must leave the sifting sands of self- seeking and deceit nd erect far mightier mansions on the rock of healthy soil. (Iyengar, 36) Lenrie Peters poems are short on the print but deep on ones mind like the one cited below Open the gates To East and West Bring in all Thats good and best. The memorable lines of Peters poem On a wet September Morning with their sheer beauty of imagery and the underlying thought of universal brotherhood celebrate the oneness of the human family. To c ite a few verses, The echo burst in me Like a great harmonic chord- Violins of love and happy voices The pagan trumpet blast Swamping the lamentation of the horn Then the heraldic drums In slow crescendo rising Crashed though my senses Into a new present Which is the future. After this brief glance at African poetry, we realize that it is not simply an offshoot of British literary tradition. Despite the many disadvantages such as a scarred past, colonial trauma, expression in a foreign medium, inability to travel abroad, unstable economic and political state of affairs in their respective nations, lack of educational opportunities, the African poet has effortless creative capacity. It is an enriching combination of rich oral literature, native experience and imported tradition of writing in English that made African poetry a tremendous success both at home and abroad. The Black Orpheus (African Poets) is no longer an unknown or an unwanted quantity but a fascinating and often enviable and beneficent literary marvel from what was ignorantly termed as the dark continent.

Classical Physical Science Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Classical Physical Science - Research Paper Example Ionic compounds are soluble in water because water being a polar molecule attracts these charged ions forcing them to leave the lattice. When dissolved or molten state these ions are free to move and can conduct electricity. (Whitten et al 2007). Covalent bonds are formed between non metals. Unlike ionic bonding, covalent bonds between atoms are formed by sharing of electrons. Again, the purpose is to complete outer electron shell. Depending on the number of paired electrons shared by atoms there can be up to three (triple) covalent bonds. But these bonds are not as strong as ionic bonds and most of molecular substances are either gases or liquids at room temperature with low melting or boiling point. If in solid state all molecular substances form a lattice. As atoms in these structures have no charge they cannot conduct electricity even in melted state. The bonds formed by electron sharing may not be very strong but if arranged in a proper order the overall structure can be extremely hard. Diamond and silica are examples of such giant covalent structures. (Whitten et al